Proteins and Derivatives
Biotium CD44v9 (Marker of Tumor Metastasis) (CD44v9/1459), CF640R conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes an epitope encoded by exon v9 on the variant portion of human CD44. The CD44 molecule belongs to a family of cellular adhesion molecules found on a wide range of normal and malignant cells in epithelial, mesothelial and hemopoiesis tissues. CD44 is a single gene with 20 exons, of which 10 are normally expressed to encode the basic CD44 (H-CAM) molecule. The additional 10 exons (v1 to v10) are only expressed by alternative splicing of the nuclear RNA. The expression of specific cell adhesion molecule CD44 splice variants has been reported to be associated with metastasis in certain human malignancies.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-spec
Biotium CD4 (T-Helper/Inducer Cell Marker)(CD4/3027), CF640R conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The immunogen for this Mab is derived from the extracellular domain of CD4, a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that interacts with major histocompatibility complex class II antigens and is also a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. This protein is expressed not only in T lymphocytes, but also in B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. It is also expressed in specific regions of the brain. The protein functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation, and may function as an important mediator of indirect neuronal damage in infectious and immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system. The majority of peripheral T-cell lymphomas are derived from the T-helper/regulatory cell subset so that most mature T-cell neoplasms are CD4 /CD8-. Anti-CD4 is used in the immunohistochemical staining of lymphoproliferative disorders to evaluate tumors with CD4 aberrant expression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluo
Biotium HPV16 E1/E4 (Human Papilloma Virus 16)(HPV16 E1/E4), CF640R conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The human papilloma virus (HPV) family of DNA tumor viruses includes HPV16, a 'high-risk' sexually-transmitted HPV that can lead to cervical, anal, vulvar, head, neck, and penile cancer. The HPV16E1/E4 protein is expressed abundantly in cells supporting viral DNA amplification, but is lost during malignant progression. HPV16E1/E4 causes G2 cell cycle arrest by associating with and preventing the nuclear entry of Cdk1/cyclin B1 complexes. HPV16E1/E4 also interacts with cyclin A and Cdk2 during the G2 phase of the cell cycle, and this association may increase the efficiency with which HPV16E1/E4 is able to prevent mitotic entry. HPV16E1/E4 also associates with keratin intermediate filaments and causes the network to collapse. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for d
Biotium FSH-Receptor (Ovarian Marker) (FSHR/1400), CF640R conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) is a 695 amino acid G protein coupled receptor. FSH binds to the receptor in a hand-clasp fashion via its alpha and beta subunits. While the beta subunit of FSH is involved in the binding of FSH to the receptor, the alpha subunit stabilizes this interaction. Linkage studies suggest that a missense mutation in the FSHR gene can cause reduced FSH binding affinity and lead to a condition known as hypergonadotropic ovarian dysgenesis (ODG). In males however, this mutation does not appear to have a detrimental affect on fertility. It is believed that a mutation in the FSHR gene is also associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; a condition characterized by the presence of multiple serous and hemorrhagic follicular cysts lined by luteinized cells.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of
Biotium Uroplakin 1A (Urothelial Differentiation Marker)(UPK1A/2924), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. Most of these members are cell-surface proteins that are characterized by the presence of four hydrophobic domains. The proteins mediate signal transduction events that play a role in the regulation of cell development, activation, growth and motility. This encoded protein is found in the asymmetrical unit membrane (AUM) where it can complex with other transmembrane 4 superfamily proteins. It may play a role in normal bladder epithelial physiology, possibly in regulating membrane permeability of superficial umbrella cells or in stabilizing the apical membrane through AUM/cytoskeletal interactions. The protein may also play a role in tumor suppression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like
Biotium Decorin(DCN/3523), CF640R conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Decorin is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family member that consists of a glycosaminoglycan chain-containing core protein. The core protein contains ten leucine rich repeats that contain sites for glycosylation, flanked by disulfide bond stabilizing loops. Decorin binds to Collagen Type I, II and IV in vivo and promotes the formation of fibers with variations in stability and solubility. The Decorin core protein binds to growth factors, intercellular matrix molecules, such as Fibronectin and Thrombospondin, and to the Decorin endocytosis receptor. Decorin binds to and inhibits TGF and is a direct or indirect negative modulator of TGF synthesis. Inhibition of Decorin core protein gene expression by the combination of IFN- and TNF may contribute to cartilage destruction that is characteristic of inflammatory joint diseases. The human Decorin gene maps to chromosome 12q21. 33 and encodes a 359 amino acid protein. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a se
Biotium Bcl-6 (Follicular Lymphoma Marker)(rBCL6/1475), CF640R conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Bcl-6 is a transcriptional repressor mainly required for germinal center (GC) formation and antibody affinity maturation which has different mechanisms of action specific to the lineage and biological functions. It forms complexes with different corepressors and histone deacetylases to repress the transcriptional expression of different subsets of target genes. Bcl-6 allows GC B-cells to proliferate very rapidly in response to T-cell dependent antigens and tolerate the physiological DNA breaks required for immunglobulin class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation without inducing a p53/TP53-dependent apoptotic response. Antibodies to Bcl-6 are helpful in a number of diagnostic settings, for example in the differential diagnosis of small B-cell lymphoma, and in distinguishing classical Hodgkin lymphoma from nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. C
Biotium Podoplanin (PDPN) (Lymphatic Endothelial & Mesothelial Marker) (PDPN/1433), CF405S conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a muco-protein of 38-43 kDa, which is identified Podoplanin (PDPN). It localizes in stromal cells of peripheral lymphoid tissue and thymic epithelial cells. As a regulator of the lymphatic endothelium, podoplanin probably plays a role in maintaining the unique shape of podocytes. It is selectively expressed in lymphatic endothelium as well as lymphoangiomas, Kaposi'sarcomas, and in a subset of angiosarcomas with probable lymphatic differentiation. Recent studies have also shown podoplanin to be a highly sensitive and relatively specific marker for epithelioid mesothelioma. Therefore, it can be used in a panel to distinguish mesotheliomas or mesothelial cells from pulmonary carcinomas.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abu
Biotium p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein(PAb240), CF405S conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The specificity of this monoclonal antibody to its intended target was tested by HuProt™ Array, containing more than 19,000 full-length human proteins. PAb240 binds to the C-terminus (aa213-217) of both wild type and mutated p53 in denatured samples and FFPE sections, but is reported to selectively detect mutant p53 in native samples by immunoprecipitation and ELISA. Mutation and/or allelic loss of p53 is one of the causes of a variety of mesenchymal and epithelial tumors. If it occurs in the germ line, such tumors run in families. p53 Binds to a DNA consensus sequence, the p53 response element, and it regulates normal cell growth cycle events by activating transcription of genes, involved either in progression through the cycle, or causing arrest in G1 when the genome is damaged. In most transformed and tumor cells the concentration of p53 is increased 51000 fold over the minute concentrations (1000 molecules cell) in normal cells, principally due to the increased hal
Biotium CD56 / NCAM1 / NKH1 (Neuronal Cell Marker)(ERIC-1), CF405S conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb reacts with an extracellular domain (close to transmembrane) of CD56/NCAM. Three isoforms of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) are produced by differential splicing of the RNA transcript from a single gene. The 135 kDa isoform is the basic molecule, which is glycosylated or sialylated to produce the mature species. Anti-CD56 recognizes two proteins of the neural cell adhesion molecule, the basic molecule expressed on most neuroectodermally derived tissues and neoplasms (e. g. retinoblastoma, medulloblastomas, astrocytomas, neuroblastomas, and small cell carcinomas). It is also expressed on some mesodermally derived tumors (rhabdomyosarcoma). Anti-CD56 plays an important role in the diagnosis of nodal and nasal NK/T-cell lymphomas. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are no
Biotium MAML2 (Mastermind Like Transcriptional Coactivator 2) (MAML2/1302), CF594 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
MAML2 (mastermind-like protein 2), also known as MAM2, MAM3 or MLLMAML2, is a nuclear speckle protein that acts as a transcriptional co-activator for Notch receptors. The Notch signaling pathway influences cell fate by regulating the ability of precursor cells to properly respond to developmental signals. MAML2 is a member of the mastermind-like family of proteins that are human homologs of the Drosophila melanogaster mastermind protein. Through its N-terminal region, MAML2 interacts with the ankyrin repeats of the Notch proteins Notch 1, Notch 2, Notch 3 and Notch 4. This interaction leads to formation of a DNA-binding complex with the Notch proteins and RBP-J, a complex that can then induce HES1 gene expression. While the N-terminal domain of MAML2 is essential for proper Notch binding, the C-terminal domain of MAML2 is essential for transcriptional activation. A chromosomal aberration involving the gene encoding MAML2 is implicated in mucoepidermoid carcinomas, clear cell
Biotium Prolactin Receptor (hPRL Receptor)(PRLR/3785R), CF594 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 70 kDa, identified as prolactin receptor. Prolactin is a pituitary hormone involved in the stimulation of milk production, salt and water regulation, growth, development and reproduction. The initial step in its action is the binding to a specific membrane receptor (prolactin receptor), which belongs to the superfamily of class 1 cytokine receptors. The function of the prolactin receptor is mediated, at least in part, by two families of signaling molecules: Janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Factor XIIIa (Coagulation Factor XIIIA Chain)(F13A1/3772R), CF405S conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 83 kDa, which is identified as Factor XIIIa. It has been identified in platelets, megakaryocytes, and fibroblast-like mesenchymal or histiocytic cells in the placenta, uterus, and prostate, monocytes and macrophages and dermal dendritic cells. Anti-factor XIIIa has been found to be useful in differentiating between dermatofibroma (almost all cases are positive), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (-/ ) and desmoplastic malignant melanoma (-). Anti-factor XIIIa positivity is also seen in capillary hemagioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, hemangiopericytoma, xanthogranuloma, xanthoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, glomus tumor, and meningioma. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluoresc
Biotium Napsin A (Lung Adenocarcinoma Marker)(NAPSA/3306), CF405S conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Napsin is a pepsin-like aspartic proteinase connected with maturation of surfactant protein B. There are two closely related napsins, napsin A and napsin B. Napsin A is expressed as a single chain protein. Immunohistochemical studies revealed high expression levels of napsin A in human lung and kidney but low expression in spleen. Napsin A is expressed in type II pneumocytes and in adenocarcinomas of lung. The high specificity expression of napsin A in adenocarcinomas of lung is useful to distinguish primary lung adenocarcinomas from adenocarcinomas of other organs. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.